Human Hepegivirus-1: Innocent Traveler, Helpful Symbiote, or Insidious Pathogen?

Scalp folliculitis with Demodex: innocent observer or pathogen?

Cytomegalovirus as an Insidious Pathogen Causing Duodenitis.

A 60-year-old woman with rheumatoid arthritis treated with methotrexate for a decade complained of slight epigastric discomfort. A positive cytomegalovirus (CMV) antigenemia test indicated the probability of CMV-related gastrointestinal infection, for which esophagogastroduodenoscopy was performed. Endoscopic findings showed a non-specific duodenal mucosal lesion;however, pathological investiga...

1 Harmful or Helpful Hypertension – Pathophysiological Basis

Actinobaculum schaalii - invasive pathogen or innocent bystander? A retrospective observational study

BACKGROUND Actinobaculum schaalii is a Gram-positive, facultative anaerobic coccoid rod, classified as a new genus in 1997. It grows slowly and therefore is easily overgrown by other pathogens, which are often found concomitantly. Since 1999, Actinobaculum schaalii is routinely investigated at our hospital, whenever its presence is suspected due to the detection of minute grey colonies on blood...

Albumin: innocent bystander or culprit?

ALPORT SYNDROME (AS) is a hereditary glomerulopathy associated with hearing loss and ocular abnormalities that, if left untreated, inevitably progresses to glomerulosclerosis and endstage renal disease (ESRD) (6). AS is caused by mutations in collagen type IV genes and is associated with thickening and splitting of the glomerular basement membrane (GBM), ultimately rendering it leaky for albumi...